Leadership+and+Technology

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**I. Introduction (John Chacko)**
Since the dawn of time, society has progressed through it's ability to spread information. With new ideas, new beliefs, even new worlds being discovered, leaders would emerge to spearhead the movement of societies into new heights. Technology catalyzes this process, giving us even better and faster ways for ideas to spread. Where before a message could take months to reach the other side of the world, now takes only seconds. With our ever developing world, the relationship between leadership and technology has grown to become a necessity for both.

**2.1 How technology has changed how people lead?**
Advances in electronics, communication, and Internet technology has changed the way that business is conducted. The Internet has revolutionized communication and has virtually shaped the technology being created today:


 * Video Conferencing and Email**

Video conferencing allows real time communication over vast distances, saving on the expense and time involved with traveling. Meetings can be convened at moments notice between department heads in different cities. Email allows the sending of messages or documents at a near instantaneous speed. It’s easy, inexpensive, and universal.


 * Mourinho Tactical Board**

This is an app on the I-pad. It is used to analyze the data and tactical structure of a game. The traditional way coaches kept score was with pen and paper. They have to remember lot of the data in their mind. MOURINHO TACTICAL BOARD is a tool that tries to help the coach mange their team. As seen in[| http://www.mourinhotacticalboard.com/], they can use their I-pad to record the match that their team is playing, to find out the problem and solve it during half time. =media type="custom" key="11360270"=


 * Smart phone**

For example, I-phone 4s is one of phone that can help you manage your schedule. You don’t even have to pull your cell phone out of your pocket. You can change the schedule through voice activation The phone can also get on to the Internet. You can send e-mails or text to inform your employee what they have to do. Smart phones allow you to control and get things done even if you are not in the office.

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**2.2How political leaders implement technology**

 * Teleprompter**

Presidents speech will use a teleprompter to help them remember their speech. In the past, people used note cards to help them remember key points in their speech. However, if they have a long speech, they probably have to bring a lot of paper and note cards. Today, the teleprompter allows not only the President, but also TV personnel remember and say what they need to say in a more productive and effective manner (Leo, 2009).


 * Air force one**

Air force one is the most conspicuous symbol of the Presidency of the United States. The plane is decked with advanced communications equipment, and can serve as a command center in the event of an emergency. Air Force One has electromagnetic shielding, and can withstand a shock-wave from a nuclear boom. It features a 4,000 square ft. living area that contains a bathroom, large office and conference room. It also has a missile defense system in case of ground or aerial attack (Harris, 2002).

**3.1 Leaders who changed how we use technology today**
Steve Jobs Brief History
 * // Steve Jobs //**
 * February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011
 * Greatest Achievement – Apple
 * Attended Reed College in Portland Oregon, drops out after a semester. Continued to audit classes at Reed, while sleeping at friends places, collecting coke bottles for money and getting a weekly free meal at the local Hare Krishna temple.
 * Jobs quotes “if I had never dropped in on the single calligraphy course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts.”
 * In 1976 Jobs along with Wozniak raise $1,750 and build their first marketable table-top computer, the Apple I. The Apple I goes on sale for $666.66 later that summer.
 * Jobs is fired from the board at Apple, he resigns shortly, and brings along five employees with him, including Wozniak.
 * In 1986 Jobs purchases Pixar from “Star Wars” for $10 million, which he later renames Pixar Animation Studios.
 * 1997 Jobs becomes interim CEO and Chairman of Apple Computers
 * Jobs launches the “iPod” in 2001 along with iTunes software.
 * In 2006 Disney buys Pixar for $7.4 billion, Jobs becomes Disney’s largest individual shareholder.
 * 2007 Jobs announces the first smart-phone, the iPhone, an all in one device which allows you to surf the web, talk, text, using a very advanced system.
 * Jobs releases the iPad in 2010, giving rise to a new category of modern-touch screen devices.
 * March 2011, Jobs and Apple introduce the iPad 2.
 * August 24, Jobs steps down as CEO, naming Tim Cook his predecessor.
 * October 5, 2011, Steve Jobs passes away at the age of 56, just on e day after the announcement of the new iPhone, the iPhone 4s.

Jobs made many innovations to the tech world, and business people today are using his products and his ideas. He changed the whole music industry with iTunes. The iPhone set the bar on smart-phone, along with the iPad. He gave us the ability to video-call with anyone around the world no matter where you are. His latest creation Siri, voice recognition software is setting new standards for every tech gadget on the market. Jobs was a visionary and his ability to combine his business expertise and his creativity in the lab makes not only a very good business man but a great inventor (Newman, 2011, p. 21). > media type="custom" key="11260630" align="center"


 * // Mark Zuckerberg //**

Mark Zuckerberg was born on May 14, 1984, In His greatest achievement to date is the creation of Facebook. Facebook begin as a small social networking site for Harvard-Yale Universities. Steadily, it Grew into a multinational, social media corporation that spans throughout the globe. Facebook’s Network now includes over 800 million people. Social media enables interactions between people who share. Facebook makes it possible for a single person to create a group that can touch any part of the world, with members who are thousands of miles away responding in seconds. Within the business world, Facebook enables companies to vet their future employees behavior and interactions with others, which can prevent the future HR issues due to inappropriate behavior or material. It also enables multinational companies to create groups that span the globe, by giving them the ability to get to know their peers which enables a smoother group process

Mark Zuckerburg reinvented the Social Networking Revolution started by Xanga, and Myspace. With Facebook’s sleek, uncluttered style and it’s mass appeal, it has become an enormous forum where ideas can be forged, fought and ultimately reach the masses. Although there are many other outlets that allow ideas to be formed, Facebook provided both the social interaction and the fundamental principles of the web, sharing information in a simplistic way yet that was able to reach so many people around the world. Even now, Facebook is ever evolving with new features and ideas being added everyday. Whether it is broadcasting the presidential debate or interviewing people in the war-stricken world, Facebook is becoming more and more involved in the everyday interactions of the world. Zuckerburg’s inventive leadership and imagination stands to propel our generation into a new age of social interaction.


 * 3.2 How has technology changed who is chosen to lead?**

Technology alters the face of leadership, as leaders emerge who don't necessarily compile the most handsome or most charming. Technology enables a social outcast to lead thousands, people that are too meek to speak their values who are enabled to voice their opinions without fear of consequence or ridicule. Previously, education or beauty would be the reasons one was chosen to lead. But now superior intellect rises, as the intellectual battlefield moves outside reality and progresses to the virtual. With stories of a keyboard, a person is able to reach the expanse of the globe and within seconds, receive replies from anyone. As technology progresses, the capacity of humanity to do even greater and amazing things becomes unlimited (Heath, 2011). = =

**4.1 How technology influences society**
Today, social media is a major component we use when we are trying to decide what to do. Whether it is the latest fashion or which presidential candidate to vote for, our ideas are influenced by social media. It has become one of the most influential leaders of our generation. Television ads, gossip websites (i.e. Perez Hilton), fashion websites, Facebook, etc play a vital role in how we think and what we do. In some instances, the social media can have a positive influence, but in other cases it has a negative influence.

__**//THE POSITIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA://**__ **(May Ukiri)**

Communication through the Internet and through other media oriented sources is one of the most used and important tools for both leaders and people inspiring to be leaders in today's society. Society exists in a digital age, where everything that we say, do, and even think is spread out through the media and highly affected by its influences. The best thing about the media is that it is often made up of every one and is often a great source of information and sharing when used correctly.

1. **INFORMATION SHARING IS POWER:** As a leader, when trying to start something great one does not do so by keeping all of their ideas and information to themselves. By sharing ideas and information through technology and the media, an idea is capable of growing at a much faster and more productive rate, into something that could be of use to a lot of people in the world. By using technology to get to the media, leaders are often made and their ideas spread with more ease and fluency to a lot of people who might find it useful. To be perfectly honest, the sharing of information through technology is what helps a leader to become not just a leader, but a world wide leader. The in-exchangeable ability to be in two or more places at ounce (brought about by the forever growing use and development of technology) gives leaders the basic flexibility and good time management skills it takes to be a great and reliable leader.

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2. **INFORMATION PROCESSING MADE RIGHT WITH TECHNOLOGY:** Through the use of technology leaders are able to do their jobs both more efficiently and more effectively. The processing of information is made ten times easier and faster, and the storing of important files or documents is also made much easier. With the rapid development of today's technology it is no longer composery for a leader to physically be present to oversee or contribute in the work of their subordinates.

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3.**COMMUNICATION**: Communication and business deals and ideas are made in a much more timely and organized manner, allowing for world wide interaction with other leaders of the same caliber and with other people who support his/her leadership. Now, business deals and organizations can be made with a much more diverse group of people from all over the world. Not only that, but it also allows for leaders to better advertise themselves or product to not just a limited area or set of people, but to set the sky as the limit.

4. **TECHNOLOGY GIVES WAY TO SEVERAL FORMS OF LEADERS:** Technology not only makes it possible for regular people to shine and become leaders but it also makes it possible for other kinds of people (i.e the blind, crippled, sick, etc...) to also shine and become leaders as well. media type="youtube" key="g6kEWKpG9bo" height="237" width="425" align="center"

//__**THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA:**__// **(Shahrzad Azimi)**

Technology has become a major factor in determining how people think and act. It doesn't matter whether it is the news, television show, reality show, or a daytime talk show, the way we think as a society has changed due to these channels of social media. Technology has changed every aspect of how we go about our daily lives. Our ever growing dependence on technology can cause the downfall of our society. We need to learn how to use technology to lead effectively, rather than having technology lead us.

1. **INFORMATION SHARING IS DESTRUCTIVE POWER:** Technology allows society to share information through many different mediums. It is helpful, yet destructive at the same time. The speed that information travels at has opened up a new world of possibilities. People have to be ever more cautious in everything they do. Leaders are under surveillance constantly, and it has resulted in the downfall of many leaders. Political leaders have fallen victim to the capabilities of cell phones, Internet, video chats, etc. Anthony Weiner is a good example of what happens when you aren’t careful with the way that you use technology. Weiner was caught in an infamous sexting scandal, which ultimately ended his political career (Bash, 2011). Furthermore, too much dependence on technology can cause the downfall of our society as a whole. The destructive effects of technology are portrayed in the children's movie, "Wall-e." People have realized the negative effects of reliance on too much technology and are trying to relay it to children. The film portrays a world where people allow technology to take over, while humans sit lazily and allow things to pass them by. Do we want to allow technology to decide our future and reality?

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2. **INFORMATION PROCESSING MADE WRONG WITH TECHNOLOGY:**Although technology has allowed for faster processing, it is not always accurate. Technology only knows as much information as it has been programmed to know. An example of this is a Global Positioning System (GPS). Although we allow technology to lead us, it does not mean we will always be taken in the right direction. There are still advances that need to be made to allow technology to reach its fullest potential. At the moment, the government still does not trust the accuracy of GPS and satellites (Pasztor, 2009).

3. **COMMUNICATION OR LACK THEREOF:**Communication use to be defined as "the exchange and flow of information and ideas from one person to another; it involves a sender transmitting an idea, information, or feeling to a receiver" (U.S. Army, 1983). It used to entail the processes of active listening, verbal communication, and good eye contact, just to name a few. However, now we have a plethora of devices that enable us to avoid doing all of those things that made communicating a skill. The problem lies with the fact that when faced with real life situations that depend on face-to-face communication, people will not be able to communicate effectively. Although our culture is custom to the email way of life, it is important to understand society on a global level. Our culture may be fine with emailing, however, another country may like to connect with a person and do business that way (Monserrat, 2011).

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4. **TECHNOLOGY GIVES WAY TO SEVERAL FORMS OF LEADERS:** Although, technology allows people to become the best leader, it can also inhibit people from becoming strong leaders. Technology has become one of the leading factors in determining who are leaders are. It can either work to someone ones favor, or completely diminish any chance the person had of reaching their fullest potential. Women have been poorly represented in the media. The way the media degrades women, has caused society as a whole to alter their perception on the capacity of women.

"Miss Representation"
 * Society is starting to realize the negative effects of social media. "Miss Representation" is a documentary showing how social media influences the way society views women. It shows have society has lost respect for women and how women are portrayed on television and movies has a direct affect on how society views women as a whole ("Miss representation," 2011).

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**V. Conclusion (Shahrzad Azimi)**
Technology has advanced our society in so many ways. The things that technology has enabled us to do, has led us to lead in new and innovative ways. Leaders use technology to change the way they lead and reach greater heights. Through the use of video conferencing and smart phones, leaders can lead from wherever they are. The capabilities of leaders have grown due to technology. Furthermore, technology needs leaders to advance the dimensions in which technology can function. It is through inspirational leaders such as Jobs and Zuckerburg that leaders can develop and progress. Technology and leaders work hand in hand to build each other’s capacities. It is through the progress of both that we can work in an ever-advancing environment. However, we should not depend so much on the capabilities of technology, to allow it to lead us. Technology should be used in moderation to allow our society to progress. It all starts with the leaders that developed the technology, and at the end of the day it should end with the leaders. It is how leaders choose to use technology, which will cause humanity to prosper or diminish.


 * Tips for Managers**
 * 1) Managers should use technology to allow them to accomplish things in an efficient and effective manner. However, they should put internal and external controls in order to make sure the technology is doing things accurately.
 * 2) Do not rely on technology for every aspect of your company. Do not allow technology to overtake and run the company. People are more capable of getting things done effectively, and put depth into the company.
 * 3) Choose one or two characteristics of good leaders and incorporate them in your own leadership style. Pick your favorite leader that has advanced technology in some way and see what inspires you to make advances in your own workplace.
 * 4) Research! Get all the facts before you allow social media and other assumptions sway your perception of things.
 * 5) Make sure to incorporate face-to-face communication at least 2-3 times a day. Email is easy, but you will be a more effective leader if you are able to connect with your employees/co-workers.


 * References**
 * 1) Newman, R. (2011). Where Steve Jobs Ranks Among the Greats. //U.S. News Digital Weekly//, //3//(40), 21.
 * 2) U.S. Army. (October 1983). //Military Leadership//. FM 22-100. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
 * 3) Andy Pasztor. (2009, June 17). Corporate News: GPS Satellite Glitches Fuel Concern on Next Generation. Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition), p. B.2. Retrieved November 27, 2011, from Wall Street Journal. (Document ID: 1748561611).
 * 4) Steve jobs:a timeline (2011, October 5).//CNet//, Retrieved from http://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-20116374-37/steve-jobs-a-timeline
 * 5) //Steve jobs.biography//. (2011, October 05). Retrieved from http://www.biography.com/people/steve-jobs-9354805
 * 6) Leo, A. (2009, March 24). //Teleprompter vs. no teleprompter: Letterman takes on obama critics (video)//. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/03/24/teleprompter-vs-no-telepr_n_178474.html
 * 7) Bash, D. (2011, June 16). //Weiner resigns after sexting scandal//. Retrieved from http://articles.cnn.com/2011-06-16/politics/weiner.scandal_1_congressman-weiner-sexting-scandal-poor-judgment?_s=PM:POLITICS
 * 8) Heath, A. (2011, October 02). // The rocky relationship between apple and facebook [report] // . Retrieved from http://www.cultofmac.com/120044/the-rocky-relationship-between-apple-and-facebook-report/
 * 9) Harris, T. (2002, May 23). //How air force one works//. Retrieved from http://www.howstuffworks.com/air-force-one.htm
 * 10) Monserrat, A. (2011, August 29). // The social media fallacy: Real leadership means face-to-face, not facebook // . Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesleadershipforum/2011/08/29/the-social-media-fallacy-real-leadership-means-face-to-face-not-facebook/
 * 11) // Miss representation // . (2011). Retrieved from http://missrepresentation.org/
 * 12) //Compasslearning recognized as education technology leader at south by southwest inaugural learning and technology conference//. (2011, April 03). Retrieved from http://www.lemieuxtechnology.com/compasslearning-recognized-as-education-technology-leader-at-south-by-southwest-inaugural-learning-and-technology-conference/

Shahrzard Azimi- sxa099820@utdallas.edu John Michael Chacko- jmc101020@utdallas.edu Stephen Fu- sxf062000@utdallas.edu Mang Lei- jy00822174@utdallas.edu Anthony Nixon- arn083000@utdallas.edu May Ukiri

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